Beilstein J. Org. Chem.2016,12, 81–88, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.9
with 4-chlorotoluene.
Keywords: arylation; benzimidazolium salts; catalysis; N-heterocyclic carbene; PEPPSIcomplex; Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction; Introduction
The use of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as ligands was started by Wanzlick [1] and Öfele [2] almost fifty years ago. There have
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Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1:
Synthesis of benzimidazolium salts and their PEPPSI Pd–NHC complexes.